How can tone shift in a piece of literature?

Tone can shift in a piece of literature for several reasons, and one significant factor is changes in character emotion. When characters experience varying emotions, the tone of the narrative correlates with these feelings. For example, if a character goes from sadness to joy, the language, imagery, and overall atmosphere might transform to match that emotional journey. This emotional fluctuation can evoke a corresponding shift in tone, inviting readers to experience the narrative on a deeper, more personal level.

While the author's writing style can influence tone, it is more consistent and less likely to shift dramatically. Additionally, changes in narrative perspective can also impact tone, but they are more about the viewpoint presented than the emotional resonance tied to character experiences. A limitation such as a tone shift occurring only during the climax is too restrictive, as tonal changes can occur throughout the story in reaction to various events or internal character developments.